TNPSC Chemistry Periodic Table Quiz 1

TNPSC Chemistry Periodic Table Quiz – Concept Booster

Understanding the periodic table is essential for chemistry and plays a key role in TNPSC, SSC, and other competitive exams. It helps in classifying elements, predicting their properties, and understanding chemical behavior.

Let us revise the important concepts of the periodic table.

Q1. The periodic table was first arranged by:

Dmitri Mendeleev is known as the Father of the Periodic Table. In 1869, he arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and grouped elements with similar chemical properties together. His periodic table helped scientists predict the properties of undiscovered elements.

Key Points:

• Father of the Periodic Table.
• Published periodic table in 1869.
• Based on atomic mass.
• Predicted undiscovered elements.

Real-Life Example:

Mendeleev left gaps in his table for elements that had not yet been discovered, and many of his predictions were later proven correct.

Answer: Dmitri Mendeleev

Q2. The modern periodic table is arranged according to:

The modern periodic table is arranged based on increasing atomic number. This arrangement was proposed by Henry Moseley in 1913 and corrected some limitations of Mendeleev’s periodic table.

Key Points:

• Based on atomic number.
• Proposed by Henry Moseley.
• Modern classification system.
• Atomic number determines element position.

Real-Life Example:

Hydrogen has atomic number 1 and appears first, while helium has atomic number 2 and appears next in the table.

Answer: Atomic number

Q3. The horizontal rows in the periodic table are called:

The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells but different chemical properties.

Key Points:

• Horizontal rows are periods.
• Modern table has 7 periods.
• Same number of electron shells.
• Properties change across a period.

Real-Life Example:

Sodium, magnesium, and aluminum belong to the third period because they have three electron shells.

Answer: Periods

Q4. The vertical columns in the periodic table are called:

The vertical columns of the periodic table are known as groups. Elements within the same group have similar chemical properties because they possess the same number of valence electrons.

Key Points:

• Vertical columns are called groups.
• Modern periodic table has 18 groups.
• Same valence electrons.
• Similar chemical properties.

Real-Life Example:

Sodium and potassium belong to Group 1 and react similarly with water.

Answer: Groups

Q5. How many periods are present in the modern periodic table?

The modern periodic table consists of seven horizontal rows called periods. Each period represents a principal energy level occupied by electrons.

Key Points:

• Total periods = 7.
• Horizontal rows.
• Represent electron shells.
• Properties change across periods.

Real-Life Example:

Hydrogen belongs to Period 1, while sodium belongs to Period 3.

Answer: 7

Q6. How many groups are present in the modern periodic table?

The modern periodic table contains eighteen vertical columns called groups. Elements in the same group usually exhibit similar chemical behavior.

Key Points:

• Total groups = 18.
• Vertical columns.
• Similar properties within groups.
• Based on valence electrons.

Real-Life Example:

Fluorine, chlorine, and bromine belong to Group 17 and are called halogens.

Answer: 18

Q7. Elements in the same group have:

Elements in the same group possess the same number of valence electrons. This similarity gives them comparable chemical properties and reactivity.

Key Points:

• Same valence electrons.
• Similar chemical behavior.
• Same group.
• Similar bonding patterns.

Real-Life Example:

Lithium, sodium, and potassium all have one valence electron and belong to Group 1.

Answer: Same number of valence electrons

Q8. The first element of the periodic table is:

Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table with atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe.

Key Points:

• Atomic number = 1.
• Lightest element.
• Most abundant element.
• Placed at the top of the table.

Real-Life Example:

Hydrogen is used as a fuel in rockets and is found in water molecules.

Answer: Hydrogen

Q9. The last element in the periodic table is:

Oganesson is the element with atomic number 118 and is currently the last officially recognized element in the periodic table. It belongs to Group 18.

Key Points:

• Atomic number = 118.
• Last known element.
• Belongs to Group 18.
• Synthetic element.

Real-Life Example:

Oganesson is produced artificially in laboratories and does not occur naturally.

Answer: Oganesson

Q10. Elements in Group 1 are called:

Group 1 elements are known as alkali metals. They are highly reactive metals with one valence electron in their outermost shell.

Key Points:

• Group 1 elements.
• Highly reactive metals.
• One valence electron.
• Include lithium, sodium, and potassium.

Real-Life Example:

Sodium is used in street lamps and is a member of the alkali metal family.

Answer: Alkali metals

Q11. Elements in Group 17 are called:

Group 17 elements are known as halogens. They are highly reactive non-metals and readily form compounds with metals.

Key Points:

• Group 17 elements.
• Highly reactive non-metals.
• Form salts with metals.
• Include fluorine and chlorine.

Real-Life Example:

Chlorine is used to disinfect drinking water and swimming pools.

Answer: Halogens

Q12. Elements in Group 18 are known as:

Group 18 elements are called noble gases. They have completely filled outer electron shells, making them chemically stable and less reactive.

Key Points:

• Chemically inert.
• Full valence shell.
• Stable elements.
• Include helium, neon, and argon.

Real-Life Example:

Helium is used to fill balloons because it is non-flammable and lighter than air.

Answer: Noble gases

Q13. Which block of elements is located in the center of the periodic table?

The d-block elements occupy the center of the periodic table and are commonly called transition elements. They exhibit variable oxidation states and form colored compounds.

Key Points:

• Located in the center.
• Called transition elements.
• Variable oxidation states.
• Good conductors of heat and electricity.

Real-Life Example:

Iron, copper, and zinc are d-block elements widely used in daily life.

Answer: d-block

Q14. The periodic table helps scientists to:

The periodic table organizes elements systematically and helps scientists predict the physical and chemical properties of known and unknown elements.

Key Points:

• Predicts properties.
• Systematic classification.
• Shows relationships among elements.
• Helps scientific research.

Real-Life Example:

Scientists can estimate the behavior of newly discovered elements based on their position in the periodic table.

Answer: Predict properties of elements

Q15. Metals are generally located on the:

Metals occupy the left side and much of the center of the periodic table. They are generally good conductors of heat and electricity.

Key Points:

• Mostly on the left side.
• Good conductors.
• Malleable and ductile.
• Include sodium, iron, and copper.

Real-Life Example:

Copper wires are used in electrical circuits because metals conduct electricity efficiently.

Answer: Left side of the periodic table

Q16. Non-metals are mostly found on the:

Non-metals are generally located on the right side of the periodic table. They have properties opposite to metals and are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Key Points:

• Mostly found on the right side.
• Poor conductors of electricity.
• Generally brittle in solid form.
• Include oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine.

Real-Life Example:

Oxygen, a non-metal, is essential for respiration in living organisms.

Answer: Right side

Q17. The staircase line in the periodic table separates:

A zigzag or staircase line runs through the periodic table and separates metals from non-metals. Elements located near this line are known as metalloids.

Key Points:

• Separates metals and non-metals.
• Zigzag boundary line.
• Metalloids lie near the staircase.
• Important classification feature.

Real-Life Example:

Silicon is located near the staircase line and shows both metallic and non-metallic properties.

Answer: Metals and non-metals

Q18. Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals are called:

Metalloids are elements that exhibit characteristics of both metals and non-metals. They are often used in the electronics industry because of their semiconducting properties.

Key Points:

• Have mixed properties.
• Called semi-metals.
• Important semiconductors.
• Examples: Silicon and Germanium.

Real-Life Example:

Silicon is widely used in computer chips and electronic devices.

Answer: Metalloids

Q19. The element sodium belongs to which group?

Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal located in Group 1 of the periodic table. It has one valence electron and is highly reactive, especially with water.

Key Points:

• Belongs to Group 1.
• Alkali metal.
• One valence electron.
• Highly reactive.

Real-Life Example:

Sodium compounds are commonly found in table salt (sodium chloride).

Answer: Group 1

Q20. The periodic table is useful because it:

The periodic table systematically organizes all known elements based on their atomic numbers and properties. This arrangement helps scientists study, compare, and predict the behavior of elements.

Key Points:

• Organizes elements systematically.
• Based on atomic number.
• Shows relationships among elements.
• Helps predict chemical behavior.

Real-Life Example:

Students and scientists use the periodic table to identify element properties and understand chemical reactions.

Answer: Classifies elements systematically

Recommended Reference

For more understanding: NCERT Chemistry Resources