TNPSC Biology – Diseases and Immunity Quiz 1

Diseases and Immunity – Concept Booster

Understanding TNPSC Biology Diseases and Immunity concepts is very important for scoring high marks in the TNPSC General Science Biology section. Questions from diseases and immunity TNPSC topics, such as communicable diseases, vaccines, pathogens, and immune response, are frequently asked in exams.

This TNPSC Biology Diseases and Immunity Quiz helps you revise important concepts through MCQs along with explanations, real-life applications, and quick revision tips.

What are Diseases?

Diseases are conditions that disturb normal body functioning and are mainly caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Types of Diseases:

• Communicable diseases spread through air, water, food, or contact. Examples include tuberculosis, dengue, and COVID-19. These diseases spread quickly if proper hygiene is not maintained.
• Non-communicable diseases do not spread from person to person. Examples include diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases.

👉 These concepts are important for TNPSC Biology MCQs and TNPSC General Science exams.

Disease-Causing Microorganisms

Microorganisms that cause diseases are called pathogens.

• Bacteria cause diseases like tuberculosis, cholera, and typhoid. They multiply rapidly inside the body.
• Viruses cause diseases like COVID-19, dengue, and AIDS. They cannot reproduce without a host cell.
• Fungi cause infections like ringworm and athlete’s foot, usually affecting the skin.
• Parasites like Plasmodium cause malaria and are transmitted through mosquito bites.

Diseases like cholera spread through contaminated water, while malaria and dengue are vector-borne diseases spread by mosquitoes.

What is Immunity?

Immunity is the body’s ability to fight against infections and harmful microorganisms.

Types of Immunity:

• Innate Immunity is present from birth and provides the first level of protection.
• Acquired Immunity develops after infection or vaccination and provides long-term protection.

The immune system includes white blood cells, antibodies, and organs like spleen and lymph nodes. White blood cells (especially lymphocytes) produce antibodies that help destroy pathogens.

👉 These concepts are important for TNPSC Biology MCQs and TNPSC General Science exams.

Vaccination

Vaccination is the process of introducing a weakened or inactive pathogen into the body to stimulate the immune system.

• It helps the body develop acquired immunity
• It prepares the immune system to fight future infections
• Examples include polio and COVID-19 vaccines

Vaccination is one of the most effective methods to prevent infectious diseases.

Real-Life Examples

• Dengue spreads through Aedes mosquito (vector)
• Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasite
• Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency
• AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) weakens the immune system
• COVID-19 is caused by Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)

Key Points

• Pathogens are disease-causing organisms
• Communicable diseases spread through different mediums
• White blood cells produce antibodies
• Vaccination provides acquired immunity
• Hygiene helps prevent infections

Final Revision Tips

• Focus on types of diseases and immunity
• Revise examples of communicable diseases
• Understand difference between bacteria and viruses
• Practice TNPSC Biology MCQs regularly

🔗 Authority Link (WHO – Immunization):
https://www.who.int/health-topics/immunization